使用 Packer QEMU 插件构建自定义 Ubuntu 20.04 OS 镜像

packer {
  required_version = ">= 1.7.0, < 2.0.0"

  required_plugins {
    qemu = {
      source  = "github.com/hashicorp/qemu"
      version = ">= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0"
    }
  }
}

variable "vm_name" {
  type    = string
  default = "ubuntu-2004.qcow2"
}

source "qemu" "test" {

  iso_url      = "https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04/ubuntu-20.04.5-live-server-amd64.iso"
  iso_checksum = "5035be37a7e9abbdc09f0d257f3e33416c1a0fb322ba860d42d74aa75c3468d4"

  vm_name          = var.vm_name
  output_directory = "output"
  http_directory   = "http"

  boot_wait    = "2s"
  boot_command = [
    "<esc><esc><esc>",
    "<enter><wait>",
    "/casper/vmlinuz ",
    "initrd=/casper/initrd ",
    "autoinstall ds=nocloud-net;s=http://{{.HTTPIP}}:{{.HTTPPort}}/",
    "<enter>"
  ]

  shutdown_command = "echo 'packer' | sudo -S shutdown -P now"
  headless         = true

  format      = "qcow2"
  accelerator = "kvm"
  qemu_binary = "/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm"
  qemu_img_args {
    convert = [
      "-m",
      "8"
    ]
  }

  ssh_username     = "root"
  ssh_password     = "Root123!"
  ssh_timeout      = "30m"
  vnc_bind_address = "0.0.0.0"

  cpus             = 8
  memory           = 8192
  net_device       = "virtio-net"
  disk_size        = "100G"
  disk_compression = true
}


build {
  name    = "ubuntu20-04"
  sources = [
    "source.qemu.test"
  ]

  provisioner "shell" {
    pause_before = "20s"
    inline       = ["echo 'build success'"]
  }
}

#cloud-config
autoinstall:
  version: 1
  early-commands:
    - hostnamectl set-hostname ubuntu # update hostname even for the installer environment
    - dhclient # re-register the updated hostname
  identity:
    # hostname of the system
    hostname: ubuntu
    # root doesn't work
    username: ubuntu
    # ubuntu
    password: "$6$FhcddHFVZ7ABA4Gi$MhQrLRAMZI65UOGGwxyCYRgolj13tIHC3/MRfyQQlP4nD9jgIdn63Ol2qlO3I8I/Gfdcsg7k58dTYOzz3LeqJ."

  ssh:
    install-server: true
    allow-pw: true
  user-data:
    timezone: Asia/Shanghai
    disable_root: false
    ssh_pwauth: true
    users:
      - name: root
        lock_passwd: false
        plain_text_passwd: Root123!
      - name: ubuntu
        lock_passwd: false
        plain_text_passwd: Root123!
        sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

  network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
      zz-all-en:
        match:
          name: "en*"
        dhcp4: true
        dhcp-identifier: mac
      zz-all-eth:
        match:
          name: "eth*"
        dhcp4: true
        dhcp-identifier: mac

  keyboard:
    layout: en
    variant: us

  locale: en_US

  storage:
    swap:
      size: 0
    layout:
      name: direct

  packages:
    - bc
    - cloud-init
    - git
    - curl
    - wget
    - openssl
    - vim


  late-commands:
    - sed -i -e 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /target/etc/ssh/sshd_config
    - sed -i -e 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /target/etc/ssh/sshd_config
    - sed -i 's/^#*\(send dhcp-client-identifier\).*$/\1 = hardware;/' /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf
    - echo 'ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /target/etc/sudoers.d/ubuntu
    - curtin in-target --target=/target -- chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/ubuntu

packer build qemu.pkr.hcl